Monit installation
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Sommaire
Installation
Sur Debian
apt-get install monit
Dans /etc/monit/monitrc, décommenter :
set daemon 120 # NOTE POUR DEBIAN : c'est le paramètre de /etc/default/monit CHECK_INTERVAL qui est prioritaire # (lancement du démon avec "-d" dans l'init.d), c'est lui qu'il faut donc modifier ! set logfile syslog facility log_daemon set mailserver localhost # primary mailserver
Modifier le format du mail :
set mail-format { From: monit-<nom du serveur>@example.net Subject: $EVENT $SERVICE Message: $DATE $SERVICE : $EVENT $DESCRIPTION Monit $ACTION : $SERVICE }
Donner le destinataire :
set alert <mail_admin>@example.net # receive all alerts
Eventuellement, ouvrir le "embedded webserver" au localhost pour au moins pouvoir lancer un "monit status" ou "monit summary" (voir plus bas pour redirection php si APACHE installé):
set httpd port 2812 and use address localhost # only accept connection from localhost allow localhost # allow localhost to connect to the server and
Note S'il ny a pas d'Apache, ouvrir le port 2812 et configurer monit en SSL autonome :
set httpd port 2812 and SSL Enable PEMFILE /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.pem allow admin:<mot de passe admin> # require user 'admin' with password
Note2 L'ouverture du port 2812 peut être un trou de sécurité. Ne l'ouvrir qu'en connaissance de cause. Par exemple si on veut piloter monit depuis la ligne de commande (cf plus bas).
Vérifier que :
include /etc/monit/monit.d/*
est décommenté (ajouter le "monit" au milieu, il n'y est pas par défaut).
Créer le répertoire au besoin.
Comme indiqué dans le commentaire de l'option "set daemon", il faut aussi modifier /etc/default/monit, mais uniquement si on veut un interval différent de 180 secondes (valeur par défaut). On en profitera pour mettre "startup" à 1, sinon Monit ne démarre pas en tâche de fond :
# Defaults for monit initscript # sourced by /etc/init.d/monit # installed at /etc/default/monit by maintainer scripts # Fredrik Steen <stone@debian.org> # You must set this variable to for monit to start startup=1 # To change the intervals which monit should run uncomment # and change this variable. CHECK_INTERVALS=120
Ajouter monit à check_service.sh (ou se reporter à "mise à jour automatique des scripts" (maj_script.sh)).
Sur CentOS / RedHat
sur CENTOS4 / RedHat4 / BlueQuartz :
Récupérer la dernière version de paquet sur dag.wieers.com (redirigé vers packages.sw.be) (CentOS4 = RHEL4; CentOS5=RHEL5)
wget http://packages.sw.be/monit/monit-5.1.1-1.el4.rf.i386.rpm
ou sur CENTOS5 / RedHat5 / BlueOnyx :
### yum --enablerepo=rpmforge install openssl097a.i386 # EDIT : plus nécessaire avec la 5.1 ? wget http://packages.sw.be/monit/monit-5.1.1-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
Puis installer monit :
rpm -i monit-*.rpm
Attention, le fichier de conf est /etc/monit.conf. Le répertoire /etc/monit.d est déjà créé. Il n'y a pas de fichier /etc/default/monit.
SUITE : Modifier monit.conf comme indiqué pour la Debian, ci-dessus.
Changer les droits de monit.conf :
chmod 700 /etc/monit.conf
Ajouter monit à check_service.sh.
Configuration des services
Exemple de fichier de config /etc/monit/monit.d/serveur.example.net, type DEBIAN/ISPConfig, surveillance locale :
############################################################################### ## serveur.example.net local ############################################################################### # check system serveur.example.net if loadavg (1min) > 6 then alert if loadavg (5min) > 4 then alert if memory usage > 85% then alert if cpu usage (user) > 70% for 3 cycles then alert if cpu usage (system) > 50% for 3 cycles then alert if cpu usage (wait) > 60% for 3 cycles then alert check process apache2 with pidfile /var/run/apache2.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/apache2 start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/apache2 stop" if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart if failed port 80 then restart check process proftpd1 with pidfile /var/run/proftpd.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/proftpd start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/proftpd stop" if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart if failed port 21 then restart check process postfix2 with pidfile /var/spool/postfix/pid/master.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/postfix start" stop program = "/etc/init.d//postfix stop" if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart if failed port 25 then restart check process mysql5 with pidfile /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/mysql start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/mysql stop" if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart if failed port 3306 then restart check process postgresql7 with pidfile /var/lib/postgresql/7.4/main/postmaster.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/postgresql-7.4 start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/postgresql-7.4 stop" if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart if failed port 5432 then restart check device root with path /dev/sda1 if space usage > 75% for 5 times within 15 cycles then alert if space usage > 90% then alert
Exemple de fichier de config /etc/monit.d/serveur.centos.fr, type CENTOS4/BlueQuartz, surveillance locale :
Penser à changer le Mail de l'admin !
############################################################################### ## serveur.example.fr local ############################################################################### # check system serveur.example.fr if loadavg (1min) > 6 then alert if loadavg (5min) > 4 then alert if memory usage > 85% then alert if cpu usage (user) > 70% for 3 cycles then alert if cpu usage (system) > 50% for 3 cycles then alert if cpu usage (wait) > 60% for 3 cycles then alert check process httpd with pidfile /var/run/httpd.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/httpd start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/httpd stop" if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart if failed port 80 then restart check process sendmail with pidfile /var/run/sendmail.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/sendmail start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/sendmail stop" if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart if failed port 25 then restart check process mysql5 with pidfile /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/mysqld start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/mysqld stop" if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart if failed port 3306 then restart check process ntpd with pidfile /var/run/ntpd.pid noalert Mail de l'admin start program = "/etc/init.d/ntpd start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/ntpd stop" check device root with path /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 if space usage > 75% for 5 times within 15 cycles then alert if space usage > 90% then alert check device home with path /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol04 if space usage > 75% for 5 times within 15 cycles then alert if space usage > 90% then alert
Exemple de fichier de config /etc/monit.d/serveur.centos.fr, type CENTOS5/BlueOnyx, surveillance locale :
Penser à changer le Mail de l'admin !
############################################################################### ## serveur.example.fr local ############################################################################### # check system serveur.example.fr if loadavg (1min) > 6 then alert if loadavg (5min) > 4 then alert if memory usage > 85% then alert if cpu usage (user) > 70% for 3 cycles then alert if cpu usage (system) > 50% for 3 cycles then alert if cpu usage (wait) > 60% for 3 cycles then alert check process httpd with pidfile /var/run/httpd.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/httpd start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/httpd stop" if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart if failed port 80 then restart check process sendmail with pidfile /var/run/sendmail.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/sendmail start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/sendmail stop" if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart if failed port 25 then restart check process mysql5 with pidfile /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid start program = "/etc/init.d/mysqld start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/mysqld stop" if cpu > 60% for 2 cycles then alert if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart if failed port 3306 then restart check process ntpd with pidfile /var/run/ntpd.pid noalert Mail de l'admin start program = "/etc/init.d/ntpd start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/ntpd stop" check device root with path /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-root if space usage > 75% for 5 times within 15 cycles then alert if space usage > 90% then alert check device home with path /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-home if space usage > 75% for 5 times within 15 cycles then alert if space usage > 90% then alert
On peut executer une commande ou un script à la place de "alert". Dans ce cas on paramètre les seuils de cette façon :
if loadavg (5min) > 4 then exec "/opt/systools/top.sh LoadAvg5m" if memory usage > 85% then exec "/opt/systools/top.sh Memory" if cpu usage (user) > 70% for 3 cycles then exec "/opt/systools/top.sh CPUuser" if cpu usage (system) > 50% for 3 cycles then exec "/opt/systools/top.sh CPUsys" if cpu usage (wait) > 60% for 3 cycles then exec "/opt/systools/top.sh CPUwait
Le fichier top.sh de cet exemple (PENSER A VERIFIER que "sar" (yum install sysstat) et "free" sont installés):
#!/bin/bash EVENT=$1 ROOT=/opt/systools/ LOG=$ROOT/top.log HOST=serveur.example.net MAIL=<Mail de l'admin> if [ -f $LOG ] then mv $LOG $LOG.0 fi date > $LOG sar 1 >> $LOG free >> $LOG for i in 1 2 3 4 5 do ps -eo pcpu,args | sort -r -k1 | head -5 >> $LOG sleep 1 done cat $LOG | mail -s "top.log $EVENT $HOST" $MAIL
Exemple de /etc/monit/monit.d/serveur.example.net sur serveur2 qui surveille serveur en remote :
############################################################################### ## serveur.example.net remote ############################################################################### # check host serveur.example.net with address 1.2.3.4 if failed icmp type echo count 3 with timeout 10 seconds then alert else if recovered then exec "/usr/bin/logger Monit: $HOST $DESCRIPTION recovered"
Le "ELSE IF RECOVERED" permet de ne pas recevoir un mail lorsque le host/service redevient disponible (après dépannage).
Note: Le mot "SUCCEEDED" à la place de "RECOVERED" indiqué dans la documentation ne fonctionne pas, en tout cas pas avec les v4.8 et 4.9.
Activation/desactivation temporaire de certains services en ligne de commande
Si le monitoring de certains services doit être suspendu, on peut utiliser la ligne de commande.
MAIS ATTENTION, monit doit avoir été lancé avec le support HTTP (voir ci-dessus dans la partie Debian).
Exemple : arrêter le monitoring local des performances - bloc "system", par exemple si monit.d contient :
check system server.example.net if loadavg (1min) > 6 then alert ....
On stoppera par :
/usr/sbin/monit -c /etc/monit/monitrc unmonitor server.example.net
et "monitor" pour réactiver.
Pour arrêter le monitoring le temps des batch cron.daily (souvent générateurs de charge système), on créera :
/opt/systools/00monit-stop.sh
#!/bin/bash /usr/bin/monit unmonitor all
et /opt/systools/zzmonit-start.sh
#!/bin/bash /usr/bin/monit monitor all
Sans oublier
chmod 700 /opt/systools/00monit-stop.sh chmod 700 /opt/systools/zzmonit-start.sh
Puis
ln -s /opt/systools/00monit-stop.sh /etc/cron.daily/00monit-stop ln -s /opt/systools/zzmonit-start.sh /etc/cron.daily/zzmonit-start
Accès au webserver de l'extérieur sans ouvrir de port supplémentaire
Apache doit être opérationnel sur la machine
Créer /var/www/monit/monit.php :
<?php // Copyright (C), 2004 David Fletcher, <david@megapico.co.uk> // // This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or // modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as // published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the // License, or (at your option) any later version. // // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but // WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU // General Public License for more details. // // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License // along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, // Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA // // Requires PHP, and a working webserver! // @author Author David Fletcher, <david@megapico.co.uk> // @version \$Id: monit.php,v 1.2 2004/11/20 23:53:42 hauk Exp $ //Configuration - set this to match the information in /etc/monitrc //Set information about the monit server address, port and login details. $addr = 'localhost'; $port = 2812; $path = '/'; $user = 'admin'; $pass = 'monit'; $timeout = 30; //End of configuration $urlHandle = fsockopen($addr, $port, $errno, $errstr, $timeout); socket_set_timeout($urlHandle, $timeout); $urlString = "GET $path HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: $addr\r\nConnection: Keep-Alive\r\nUser-Agent: MonitPHP\r\n"; $urlString .= "Authorization: Basic ".base64_encode("$user:$pass")."\r\n"; $urlString .= "\r\n"; fputs($urlHandle, $urlString); $response = fgets($urlHandle); $endHeader = false; // Strip initial header information while ( !$endHeader){ if (fgets($urlHandle) == "\r\n") $endHeader = true; } $info = ; // Generate a string to send to the screen while (!feof($urlHandle)) { $info.=fgets($urlHandle); } fclose ($urlHandle); echo $info; ?>
Créer /etc/apache2/conf.d/monit.conf :
<IfModule mod_alias.c> Alias /monit "/var/www/monit" </IfModule> <DirectoryMatch /var/www/monit/> Options -FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All order deny,allow # deny from all # allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 </DirectoryMatch>
Créer /var/www/.htaccess :
AuthUserFile /var/www/monit/.htpasswd AuthName "Restricted Access" Require valid-user AuthType Basic <Files .*> deny from all </Files>
Et créer le fichier de mots de passe avec user admin/<mot de passe admin> :
# htpasswd -c /var/www/monit/.htpasswd admin